{"id":156088,"date":"2025-06-20T10:39:17","date_gmt":"2025-06-20T10:39:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/?p=156088"},"modified":"2025-06-20T10:39:18","modified_gmt":"2025-06-20T10:39:18","slug":"finding-creative-solutions-europes-solar-financing-challenges","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/finding-creative-solutions-europes-solar-financing-challenges\/","title":{"rendered":"Finding creative solutions to Europe\u2019s solar PV financing challenges"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"576\" src=\"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/tn-1024x576.jpg\" alt=\"David Ward speaks on a PV Tech panel at Intersolar Europe 2025.\" class=\"wp-image-156091\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/tn-1024x576.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/tn-300x169.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/tn-768x432.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/tn.jpg 1280w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">&#8216;[The NZIA] is not quite what it originally intended but there are definitely parts that are supportive,&#8217; said David Ward, second right. Image: Solar Media.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou need to be creative,\u201d Elena Donzelli, PPA transaction manager at Pexapark told <em>PV Tech Premium<\/em> at this year\u2019s Intersolar Europe event, held in Munich in May. Her comments came not in response to matters such as policy impact or project design, but an aspect of the European solar sector perhaps not often associated with creativity: financial mechanisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indeed, her comments follow a growing interest in developing more innovative and creative financial mechanisms to make the best use of the world\u2019s growing solar capacity: more nuanced offtake agreements was discussed at Intersolar as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/growing-complexity-more-hybrid-projects-mitigating-risk-solar-offtake-agreements\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a key tool to minimise risk<\/a>, and speakers at Solar Media\u2019s Renewables Procurement &amp; Revenue Summit told <em>PV Tech Premium<\/em> that <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/more-technologies-more-trust-changing-ppa-priorities-europe\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">more trust is a key aspect of changing power purchase agreement (PPA) priorities<\/a> in Europe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensuring financial mechanisms are fit for purpose are particularly important, considering the massive investments being made into the global solar sector, which are pushing equally record-breaking deployments. A report from the International Energy Agency (IEA) found that the world invested US$503 billion into solar PV in 2024, more than the US$426 billion invested into all other generation technologies combined, highlighting the phenomenal interest in deploying new solar projects.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Indeed, SolarPower Europe notes that the world added a record 597GW of new solar capacity in 2024, a 33% year-on-year increase, and the latest in a trend of sustained growth in project deployment. If these trends are to continue, many of the financial challenges discussed at this year\u2019s Intersolar event will need to be overcome, and perhaps some of the creative solutions to market problems will need to be implemented.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-a-changing-financial-landscape\">A changing financial landscape<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Donzelli\u2019s comments followed a presentation given by her colleague, Itamar Orlandi, who discussed how so-called hybrid deals, those involving a single offtake agreement for multiple generation technologies, had become a cornerstone of the European PPA space. When asked if she had seen similar trends, and if such deals had become an important part of <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/complex-expertise-standardised-processes-cybersecurity-concerns-intersolar-europe-2025\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">the changing European financial landscape<\/a>, Donzelli agreed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWhat we\u2019ve seen in 2024 is that, compared to previous years, there was a very big increase in hybrid deals, especially solar-plus-wind, but also co-location with storage,\u201d Donzelli told <em>PV Tech Premium<\/em>. \u201cEspecially in Spain, in response to the problem of only solar not being such an attractive profile anymore; including wind was improving the business case for developers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cI think this is something we will see for sure this year, until some of the issues with the profile of solar will improve.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ensuring the business case remains strong is a key priority for investors and developers alike, not just in a vacuum, but in order to make projects stand out in an increasingly competitive PPA space. According to Pexapark, each month between December 2024 and April 2025 saw at least 20 deals struck in the European PPA space, for a total of 6.6GW of capacity.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>While the number of deals signed fell to just 12 in May, earlier sustained interest in signing agreements highlights the increasing importance of building a robust business case for an offtake agreement, particularly, as Donzelli said, considering the variable nature of renewable power.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt\u2019s not a problem that will ever go away, but there are tweaks you can do with your solar asset that can make it attractive and have a good revenue case,\u201d said Donzelli. \u201cAdding a battery is one of the options.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Ga\u00ebtan Masson: &quot;Europe has become the continent of zero-risk investment&quot;\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/0TY0vq9B-qI?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1&#038;origin=https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cEurope has become the continent of zero-risk investment,\u201d said Ga\u00ebtan Masson, CEO of the Becquerel Institute, who spoke at <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/securing-supply-chain-conversation-european-solar-experts-intersolar-europe-2025\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">a panel organised by <em>PV Tech<\/em> at the Intersolar event<\/a>, which can be seen above. His comments point to an increasing unease among European investors in supporting solar projects, particularly in response to disruptions in the European energy mix, such as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/investigation-renewables-not-responsible-spains-april-blackout\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">April\u2019s Iberian blackout<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, both Masson and Donzelli agreed that zero-risk investments are so hard to find that looking exclusively for them is unwise. A better solution, according to Masson, would be to recalibrate risk appetite so investments can be made into a sector crucial to meeting the world\u2019s climate goals.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe don\u2019t want companies going bankrupt, because after that workers are going in the street and voting for the opposition,\u201d Masson said. \u201cThe problem is that \u2013 in my opinion \u2013 the political world, in general, has not understood what\u2019s happening in the financial sector. If we want to industrialise, we need money.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">The role of supportive policy<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>The rapidly-changing financial landscape is reflected by a policy environment that has also not remained static, according to Donzelli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe challenge has been moving from a subsidised market [which is] a market where you had subsidy schemes from the government giving you fixed payments over 20 years,\u201d said Donzelli.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Masson noted, however, that some policy support remains for the European solar sector, most notably the Net Zero Industries Act (NZIA), <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/nzia-to-come-into-force-on-29-june-after-publication-in-journal\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">launched last summer<\/a> that aims for European manufacturers, and locally-made products, to meet at least 40% of the continent\u2019s annual renewable energy deployment needs by 2030. Masson said that the principle is sound: \u201cYou can assemble a module in Europe and buy cells in India and it will work\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, Masson called for more policy clarity, and direct support, on both a national and continental scale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe European Commission would like to go one step further in public procurement,\u201d said Masson. \u201cIn the recent announcement from the Commission, we\u2019ve heard that for public procurement, we would go in the direction of \u2018made in Europe\u2019. So we might have a different regulation for 30% of tenders and another one for public procurement that will be even more restrictive.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe question that we haven\u2019t solved yet \u2013 and it\u2019s a question that my own customers are asking me on a daily basis \u2013 is what does that exactly mean, \u2018made in Europe\u2019?\u201d he added, pointing to the challenges that can arise from solar manufacturing in particular, where the sheer number of components needed to build a module, and the fact that many are produced in different corners of the world, means it can be challenging to determine exactly where a finished module can be said to have come from.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"David Ward: The NZIA is &quot;not quite what it originally intended&quot;\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/cfdeDKWwWps?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1&#038;origin=https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cAs what classically happens, what starts as a square when it goes through the process comes out like an octagon or a dodecahedron because someone\u2019s chipped away at every edge as it\u2019s gone through,\u201d explained David Ward, CEO of perovskite manufacturer Oxford PV, who spoke on the <em>PV Tech<\/em> panel, and whose comments are available above.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>His point, that the breadth of markets and jurisdictions that the NZIA will impact, and the fact that a continent\u2019s worth of policymakers have had a say in its construction, means that while its conceit is strong, it is perhaps not Europe\u2019s answer to the Inflation Reduction Act (IRA) in terms of incentivising manufacturing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c[The NZIA] is not quite what it originally intended, but there are definitely parts that are supportive.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Ward also suggested that, considering the bold ambitions for Europe\u2019s manufacturing sector in particular, a combination of private and public finance will be needed to support European manufacturing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cFor us it\u2019s going to have private financing in some way, shape, or form \u2013 we\u2019re not debating the equity point \u2013 and that wants public financing to show support behind it,\u201d said Ward, suggesting that a considerable change in Europe\u2019s financial and policy landscape could be necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Market mechanisms and minimising risk<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe need public money, and not in the way that it\u2019s happening now,\u201d said Masson, agreeing with Ward\u2019s assessment on the types of finance needed for European solar. These comments reflect market trends; an IEA report into renewable energy financing found that corporates and governments were responsible for 48% and 37%, respectively, of global energy sector investment between 2018 and 2023, suggesting that both sources of income will be necessary to deliver the European energy transition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>However, the sheer volume of capital coming from these sources varies more considerably. The same IEA report found that commercial sources were responsible for 74% of capital entering the energy sector, and Masson suggested that effectively de-risking investments could be the best route to balancing these investment trends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cFor the time being, many projects are being promised a significant amount of public money, if they can raise the same amount, or more, in private money. But private money isn\u2019t going to come just because public money is coming, it\u2019s going to come if it\u2019s de-risked somehow. So we need to de-risk private money as well.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cYou need to be creative, and in the PPA, you need to share the risk of negative prices between the offtaker and the producer, in a meaningful way that can allocate [risk] to both,\u201d added Donzelli, bringing together these ideas of minimising risk and finding creative market mechanisms.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio\"><div class=\"wp-block-embed__wrapper\">\n<iframe title=\"Ga\u00ebtan Masson: &quot;Venture capital in Europe doesn\u2019t exist for that kind of investment&quot;\" width=\"800\" height=\"450\" src=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/embed\/LWNHnkr8VkU?feature=oembed&#038;enablejsapi=1&#038;origin=https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\" frameborder=\"0\" allow=\"accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share\" referrerpolicy=\"strict-origin-when-cross-origin\" allowfullscreen><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThere\u2019s nothing else in Europe and these two crashed beyond all expectations,\u201d says Masson in the video above, pointing to the well-documented struggles of Siemens Gamesa <a href=\"https:\/\/www.pv-tech.org\/meyer-burger-files-insolvency-of-german-solar-cell-production-plant\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">and Meyer Burger<\/a> that loom large over the European solar industry, and exist as painful reminders of the losses an investor can endure if a company falters.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cSo, of course, investing in PV, batteries and anything in the sector has become \u2018high-risk\u2019, so the only way to get out of that is to go through public money, or public de-risking of investment.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cThe will is there, but getting real tangible instruments [is challenging],\u201d added Ward, suggesting that the willingness from private investors to support the solar industry is not backed up by the market fundamentals of the sector at present.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cNo one\u2019s expecting the public support to be all of what we do, but it\u2019s a vital part of leveraging private financing alongside it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The need for de-risked investments, and new, creative market mechanisms, is particularly important considering, as Masson says, there is less of a precedent of large-scale venture capital investment into renewable energy than in other sectors. If this type of funding remains inaccessible for European solar, other avenues will need to be pursued to deliver on the energy transition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cVenture capital in Europe doesn\u2019t exist for that kind of investment,\u201d said Mason. \u201cIt exists for an AI company doing something super innovative, or biotechnologies, but it doesn\u2019t exist for something that\u2019s already mainstream. It\u2019s a lack of understanding of how financial markets are working.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cWe need to ask for that de-risking.\u201d<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Panellists discuss some of the challenges in European solar&#8217;s financial landscape at an event organised at Intersolar Europe 2025 by PV Tech.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":165,"featured_media":156091,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,45,6],"tags":[13211,56,116,13209,1704,1773,1280],"paywall-tags":[8671],"regions":[28],"industry-segments":[26,10],"class_list":["post-156088","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-editors-blog","category-features","category-long-reads","tag-becquerel-institute","tag-europe","tag-finance","tag-intersolar-2025","tag-intersolar-europe","tag-oxford-pv","tag-pexapark","paywall-tags-premium","regions-europe","industry-segments-financial-legal","industry-segments-markets-finance"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v25.5 (Yoast SEO v25.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Finding creative solutions to 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